Computer Languages

Use Of Pointer In C Language:- We Have already Discussed About Pointe rs In Previous Post. This is the most important and useful IN C programming . The Uses Of Pointers In C Language Is Given below:- 1.Array of pointers:- We Can Use Collection Of Pointer by using   An Array Of Pointers. 2.Pointer to pointer:- C allows you to have pointer on a pointer. 3.Passing pointers to functions:-  We Pass Pointer As  Arguments. Now We Will know About These Uses Of Pointers One By One:- 1.Array of pointers:- In This Method We Declare An array For Storing Pointers: declaration of an array of pointers to an integer:- int *ptr[MIN]; declaration of an array of pointers to an float:- flot *ptr[MIN]; declaration of an array of pointers to a CHAR:- char *ptr[]; Example Program:- THIS PROGRAM DEMONSTRATES ARRAY OF POINTER, WE SIMPLY PRINT ADDRESS AND VALUE OF POINTERS #include <stdio.h> const int MAX = 5; int main () { int *ptr; int var[] = {10, 100, 200,400,500}; int i; ptr=var; for (...

          Introduction To Pointer: About Pointer:- *POINTER is a variable whose value is the address of another variable *Every variable is a memory location and every memory location  has its address defined which can be accessed using ampersand(&)  operator,which denotes an address in memory *Dynamic memory allocation,cannot be performed without using pointers. Let's start learning them in simple and easy steps. pointer variable declaration:- data_type *variable_name; *The asterisk ( * ) used to declare a pointer is the same asterisk used for   multiplication. some of the valid pointer declarations:- int *in;             //pointer to an intege r  double *db;  // pointer to a double  float *fl;         //  pointer to a float  char *chr    //pointer to a character   *The only difference between pointers of different data types is the data type of the va...

Two Dimensional Array :- * It Is The Combination Of Two One Dimensional Array * It Is Used To Implement Matrix Operation . *A two-dimensional array can be considered as a table which  will have 'a' number of rows and'b'number of columns. Declaration Of Two Dimensional Array:-   data_type Array_name [size of row][size of column]; For Example:- int matrix[3][4]; in above example we will store a matrix of 3*3. This Will Cleared From Following Figure:- *It can be represented a[i][j].where i and j represents  row and column respectively. Initialization Of Two Dimensional Array:- let us consider an array "float a[3][3]"then it will be initialized float a[3][3]={                {1.2,2.3,4.3} //initializers for row indexed by 0                {2.1,2.2,2.3} //initializers for row indexed by 1                {3.1,3.4,3.6} //initializers for row indexed by 2 ...

Introduction To Array: *Array Is A Type Of Data Structure Which Store Collection of Data Of  Same Type.Which Can Be Integer Float Or Character. *All arrays consist of contiguous memory locations. *The lowest address corresponds to the first element and the highest  address to the last element. Declaration Of Array:- It Consist up of 3 part :- 1.Data Type  2.Array Name 3.Size Of Array General Syntax:-                                                      data_type Array_name[size_of_array]; For Example:-  int marks[20]; in example datatype of array is int and name is marks and size is 20. * It Is Called Single Dimensional Array * the Array Size Must be Integer And it   must be greater than zero. Initialization Of Array: *We initialize an array in C either one by one or using a single statement           ...

Calling Method In C Language:- As We Already See That Any Function has Some Arguments Or void If We Use Variable As Argument Then It Is Called FORMAL PARAMETERS. *Formal parameters behave like other local variables inside the function  and are created upon entry into the function and destroyed upon exit. In C Language there are two ways in which arguments can be passed to a function:- 1)Call by value:-      (using value) 2)Call by reference:-  (using pointer) Now We Will See One By One These Arguments By Taking Suitable Example: 1)Call by value:-  *In This Method actual value copies to formal parameter: *Due To That changes made to the parameter inside the function  have no effect on the argument. This will cleared by following example:- Example Program:- //in this program we swap two variable using third variable: #include <stdio.h> /* function declaration */ void swapping(int a, int b); int main () { /* local variable definition */ int x =...

In C Language We Categories Function In Four Parts On The Basis Of Their Declaration. 1)No return_type No Argument Function 2)No return_type Having Argument Function 3)Having return_type With No Argument Function 4)Having return_type With Argument Function Now We Will See About These Type One By One With Suitable Examples 1)No return_type No Argument Function:-  Any Function Which Are Not Returning Any Value And We Are Not Passing Any Arguments In Function . General Syntax For Declaration:-   void_function_name(); *In Function Definition We Can Only Use Function_name().it means void is optional in definition when you use windows. Example Program:- We Are Taking An Example Program In Which We are Printing Our Name With the help of function. #include<stdio.h> void name();     //function declaration  int main() { name();  //function calling return 0; } void name() //function definition { Printf("Mantu Pathak"); //You Can give YourName . } The Output Of ...

Functions: *It is block of code that together perform a task. *In C programming at least one function is present Is main(). *WITHOUT main we can make any program in c lnguage. *We Can Devide Our Code In Diffrent Function By Two Part. 1)Fuction Declaration: 2)Function Definition: Now We Will Understand Abouut These Fuction Parts. 1)Function Declration:- *A function declaration tells the compiler about a  function name and how to callthe function. *Fuction Declration Has Following Syntax.  return_type function_name( parameters list ); return_type:= datatype which return by function Function name :-Name Of The Function Which You Want Paremeter List: -It Is List Of Argument Which Have To Pass. For Example:- int min(int x,int y); or int min(int ,int); *Function declaration is required when you define a function in  one source file all that function in another file. 2)Fuction Definition:- *It The Acrual Body Of Function. It Means The code is written in  This section Which ...

Loop Control Statements:- *Loop control statements change execution from its normal sequence. *When execution leaves a scope, all automatic objects that were created in that scope are destroyed. In C Language The Following Control Statement:- 1)break statement: 2)continue statement: 3)goto statement: Let Us know About These Statement One By One With Suitable Example:- 1)Break Statement:- *It transfers execution to the statement immediately  following the loop or switch. *It can be used to terminate a case in the switch statement *the break statement will stop the execution of the innermost  loop and start executing the next line of code after the block. Syntax (break Statement) break; Example Program:- #include <stdio.h> int main () { /*here local variable definition */ int x = 15; /* while loop execution */ while( x < 20 ) { printf("value of x= %d\n", x); x=x+2; if( x > 20) { /*it terminate the loop using break statement */ break; } } return 0; } Output Of Progra...

Introduction To Looping In C Language *A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple times. *By The Help Of Looping statements are executed sequentially. Types of Looping Statements In C Language:: 1)while Loop 2)for Loop  3)do..while Loop 4)nested Loop Let Us Know About These Statements With The Help Of Suitable Example: while Loop:- *This Loop tests the condition before executing the loop body. *It Repeats a statement or group of statements while a given condition is true. *Loop Is Terminated When Condition Becomes False Geral Syntax: - while(given_condition) { ----- Statement 1;   ----- Statement 2; ----- Statement 3; } Let's Understand This By Example: #include <stdio.h> int main () { /* local variable definition */ int i = 19; /* while loop execution */ while( i < 100 ) { printf("value of i= %d\n", i); i=i+19; } return 0; } Explanation: This Loop Is execute until i=95(i<100) after that it return to main body, and The Ou...

Introduction To Decision Making:- Decision-making structures require that the programmer specifies one or more conditions to be evaluated or tested by the program, along with a statement or statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be true, and optionally, other statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be false. *C programming language assumes any non-zero and non-null values as true, and if it is either zero or null, then it is assumed as false value. *C programming language provides the following types of decision-making *if statement :- *if...else statement *nested if statements *switch statment *nested switch statements Now We Will See About These Statement One by One:- if Statement:- An if statement consists of a Boolean expression followed by one or more statements. Syntax Of If Statements:- if(Check_Condition) { /* statement(s) will execute if the condition is true */ } Example Program:- #include <stdio.h> int main () { /* local variabl...