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Introductution To Structures In C Language


About Structure:-
Arrays allow to define a type of variables that can hold several data items of the
same kind. Similarly, structure is another user-defined data type available in C
that allows to combine data items of different kinds.
Let Us Take An Real Life Example:
If We want to track the following attributes about
each book:
1.Title (May Be String)
2.Author(May Be String)
3.Subject (May Be String)
4.Book ID (Integer Type)
Than We Have to Define A Structure Variable That Can Take This Different Type Of Data-Types.
Syntax For Defining A Structure:-
struct [structure_Name]
{
member definition;
member definition;
...
member definition;
} [one or more structure variables];
For Information of Student The Definition of structure Will Be:
struct student_data
{
 char name[20];
 int roll_Number;
 int standered;
 char father's_name[20];
} std1; //structure Vaiable
 Accesing Structure Members:-
The Members of structure variable accesed by Dot(.) Operator..
Let Us Take Example Of Book Data:-
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
struct Books
{                         
char title[50];
char author[50];
char subject[100];
int book_id;
};
int main( )
{
struct Books Book1; /* Declare Book1 of type Book */
struct Books Book2; /* Declare Book2 of type Book */
/* book 1 specification */
strcpy( Book1.title, "C Programming By Codehubc.blogspot.in");
strcpy( Book1.author, "Mantu Pathak");
strcpy( Book1.subject, "C Programming ");
Book1.book_id = 1234;
/* book 2 specification */
strcpy( Book2.title, "Communication System");
strcpy( Book2.author, "Zara Ali");
strcpy( Book2.subject, "comm. Tutorial");
Book2.book_id = 123456;
/* print Book1 info */
printf( "Book 1 title : %s\n", Book1.title);
printf( "Book 1 author : %s\n", Book1.author);
printf( "Book 1 subject : %s\n", Book1.subject);
printf( "Book 1 book_id : %d\n", Book1.book_id);
/* print Book2 info */
printf( "Book 2 title : %s\n", Book2.title);
printf( "Book 2 author : %s\n", Book2.author);
printf( "Book 2 subject : %s\n", Book2.subject);
printf( "Book 2 book_id : %d\n", Book2.book_id);
return 0;
}
Program OutPut:-

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